Maths

Write every equation in Typst syntax.

The math: typst takeover, which formats it reaches, Typst maths syntax, and the block form that works everywhere.

Quarto reads $...$ and $$...$$ as LaTeX. math: typst tells the extension to read them as Typst instead, so one syntax writes every equation of the document:

extensions:
  typst-render:
    math: typst

This page sets that option in its own front matter, so every equation below is Typst.

Where the takeover applies

What each output does with `math: typst`.
Output	What happens
HTML, Reveal.js, and EPUB	Each equation is compiled to native MathML, so it stays selectable text and scales with the text around it. Typst 0.15 or later is needed.
Typst	Each equation passes through unchanged, and the Typst compiler reads it directly.
PDF, Word, and the rest	Quarto’s own renderer stays in place, so the equations are read as LaTeX.

On an older Typst the extension writes a warning and leaves the HTML equations to Quarto. For a document that must produce PDF or Word as well, use the block form in Equations that work everywhere.

Important

math is a global option. Set it under extensions.typst-render in the document or the project, never on a block.

Inline and display

The sum $f(x) = sum_(i=0)^n x_i$ sits in the sentence.

$$
e^(i pi) + 1 = 0
$$

The sum $𝑓 (𝑥) = \sum_{𝑖 = 0}^{𝑛} 𝑥_{𝑖}$ sits in the sentence.

$𝑒^{𝑖 𝜋} + 1 = 0$

Numbering and cross-references

The takeover runs after Quarto has numbered the equations, so labels and @eq- references keep working:

$$
integral_0^1 x^2 dif x = 1/3
$$ {#eq-integral}

See @eq-integral.

$\int_{0}^{1} 𝑥^{2} d 𝑥 = \frac{1}{3}$ (1)

See Equation 1.

Typst maths syntax

Typst writes maths with words and parentheses rather than backslashes. The most common differences:

The same maths in both syntaxes.
LaTeX	Typst
`\frac{a}{b}`	`a/b`
`\sum_{i=0}^{n}`	`sum_(i=0)^n`
`\int_0^1 x^2\,dx`	`integral_0^1 x^2 dif x`
`\alpha \beta \gamma`	`alpha beta gamma`
`\sqrt{x}`	`sqrt(x)`
`\mathbf{v}`	`bold(v)`
`\begin{matrix}`	`mat(...)`
`\begin{cases}`	`cases(...)`

A matrix:

$$
A = mat(1, 2; 3, 4)
$$

$𝐴 = (\begin{matrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{matrix})$

A piecewise definition:

$$
abs(x) = cases(
  x & "if" x >= 0,
  -x & "if" x < 0,
)
$$

$| 𝑥 | = {\begin{cases} 𝑥 & if 𝑥 \geq 0 \\ - 𝑥 & if 𝑥 < 0 \end{cases}$

The Typst maths reference lists every symbol and function.

Equations that work everywhere

Without the takeover, a {typst} block compiles an equation to an image, and an image reaches every format:

```{typst}
$ sum_(k=1)^n k = (n(n+1))/2 $
```

$sum_(k=1)^n k = (n(n+1))/2$

The same holds for an inline expression:

The area is `{typst} $pi r^2$`{alt="pi r squared"} for a circle of radius r.

The area is $pi r squared$ for a circle of radius r.

Choose between the two by output:

math: typst for HTML and Typst, where the equations stay text.
A block or an inline expression for a document that must also produce PDF, Word, or PowerPoint.

An image carries no text, so give it an alt attribute for a reader who cannot see it.